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It is the most common deformity of the forefoot. The deformity is progressive, usually beginning with lateral deviation of the great toe (hallux) and medial deviation of the first metatarsal (metatarsus primus varus). Subsequently, it continues with progressive subluxation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. For diagnosis, anamnesis is of vital importance, starting with family history, physical examination of the patient and radiological examination if necessary. It is very important in this type of affectation the analysis of the gait and the biomechanical analysis, as well as the typical wear of the shoe, presence of corns or bunions.
SYMPTOMATOLOGY
Deformity of the toe and/or foot, with pain and decreased mobility, pain in the sole of the foot, pain in the affected joints and worsening with support.
CAUSES
Possible genetic predisposition, restrictive footwear (such as safety shoes) or other biomechanical alterations or foot deformities (hypermobility, contractures, neuromuscular disorders…). Women are diagnosed more frequently, with a 15:1 ratio with respect to men.
Orthopedic measures may be a conservative treatment to prevent deterioration in the early stages or the onset of involvement. In case the disease is in a very severe state, surgical treatment may be considered. Physiotherapy, therefore, is indicated both in the treatment of the affectation, as well as in the post-surgical treatment. The aim should be to reduce the severity of symptoms and avoid affecting the patient’s daily activities.
Tips:
– Avoid high heels for women.
– Avoid wearing excessively tight and limiting shoes.
– Consult a qualified professional to use orthopedic measures.
– Wear comfortable shoes, with freedom of movement and a wide toe box.
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